Comments on Evaluation of Endoscopic Findings and Detection of H. pylori Antibody by Serum IgG ELISA.

Bangladesh is a developing country with high prevalence of peptic ulcer disease and H. pylori infection. During the period of January 2007 to December 2007, a cross sectional study was conducted. In this study, serum samples were collected from 86 dyspeptic patients undergoing upper GIT endoscopy to determine anti-H. pylori IgG antibody by serum ELISA and was evaluated with endoscopic findings. Out of 86 study patients, gastro-duodenal mucosa was found normal in 58.14%, gastritis in 11.63%, duodenitis 2.33%, reflux oesophagitis 4.65%, peptic ulcer 17.44% and carcinoma of stomach 5.81%. Among 86 study population, 68 were serum IgG ELISA positive and 20 were negative.

Prevalence of Bacterial Vaginosis among the PID Patients in Bangladesh.

A cross sectional study was conducted on patients attending at the outpatient department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics of Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka during the period of July, 2007 to December, 2007. Two hundred sexually active female in the age group of 15-45 years, with vaginal discharge and itching, were selected for the study. Among them 143 having only vaginal discharge and itching without PID (Pelvic inflammatory disease) and 57 patients having vaginal discharge and itching with PID. A detailed history and a thorough clinical examination of all the cases were done. After making the clinical diagnosis of BV (Bacterial vaginosis) by Amsels criteria, diagnosis also carried out with Acridine orange staining, Gram stain Nugent criteria. Out of 200 women, 48 (24%) cases were diagnosed as having bacterial vaginosis by applying Amsel's clinical criteria. The rate of detection of bacterial vaginosis was 23% by Gram stain Nugent criteria and 24.5% by acridine orange staining. In this study BV was diagnosed in 31(54.39) cases among the PID patients and 17(11.89) among the women having only vaginal discharge and itching. This study shows the increased association of BV in PID patients of Bangladesh.

Socio-demographic, Clinical Characteristics and Status of Hypertension Control among Rural Hypertensive Patients.

Hypertension is an important independent predictor of cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular accidents and death. The prevalence of cardiovascular diseases and hypertension is rapidly increasing in developing countries. A cross sectional study was conducted among 103 hypertensive patients during December 2009 to June 2010 in Goshair Hat Upazilla of Shariatpur District to determine the socio-demographic, clinical characteristics and status of control of hypertension in rural population. Respondents were distributed more or less equally among males and females. The mean +_ SD and median age of the respondents were calculated as 59.97 +_ 11.12 years, with 64% of them were included in the age group of 51 to 70 years. More than half of the respondents were housewives (51.5%), which were followed by businessmen (21.4%). Every three of five patients were over weight, while 22.3% respondents were obese. One third of the respondents were also diabetic (33%). None of the 103 patients had achieved the target for SBP (Systolic blood pressure) control (<140mm of Hg) and only 21.4% of the patients had achieved the target for DBP (Diastolic blood pressure) control (<90 mm of Hg). Again none of the diabetic hypertensive patients had achieved the target for SBP control (<130mm of Hg) and only one patient had achieved the target for DBP control (<80 mm of Hg). Overall five patients were found to have uncontrolled and severe hypertension (BP >180/110 mm of Hg), all of whom were female. From this study control of hypertension was found poor among rural hypertensive population. For effectively combating the burden of hypertension in this population, education and awareness about hypertension needs to be given priority.

Clinical Significance Of Serum HbeAg Among HbsAg Positive Patients.

Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infection is a menace worldwide as a major cause of morbidity & mortality through its consequences viz. acute hepatitis, chronic active, or persistent hepatitis, cirrhosis of liver and primary hepatocellular carcinoma. A total of 127 'HBsAg positive' patients were studied for 'HBeAg' by serum ELISA. Patient's aged between 11 to 60 years with a mean age 27.11. Out of 127 'HBsAg positive' cases 19 (14.96%) were 'HBeAg positive', of which maximum (21.43%) were among <20 years age group. Among 106 male patients 15 (14.155) & among 21 female patients 4 (19.055) were 'HBeAg positive'. Often the initiation of therapeutic approach remains a dilemma in absence of laboratory assessment of viraemic load or presence of HBV DNA through PCR or other DNA hybridization techniques. In such situations, alternatively, a significantly serum 'HBeAg' among 'HBsAg positive' patients may be taken as a surrogate marker for acute viral replication, and, thus apply justifying the initiation of antiviral chemotherapy without delay.

A Comparative Study Among Different Invasive Methods For The Diagnosis Of Helicobacter Pylori.

H. pylori infection occurs worldwide. Approximately 50% of the world population is infected with this organism. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 81 dyspeptic patients attending at Dhaka Medical College Hospital, for diagnostic endoscopy. H. pylori infection was measured by three invasive methods: culture, rapid urease test & histopathology. Among study patients maximum (34.57%) H. pylori infected were in 21-30 years age group, bearing male female ratio 1: 92.86. Forty four (54.32%) out of 81 were culture positive, 61 (75.31%) were rapid urease test positive and 62 (76.54%) were histopathology positive. By using ‘gold standard’ definition, 64 (79.02%) were H. pylori infected, 17 were un-infected. Finally comparing among three invasive methods, all are highly sensitive and specific to diagnose H. pylori infection.

Prevalence Of Hematological Disorder: A Bone Marrow Study Of 177 Cases In A Private Hospital At Faridpur.

Bone marrow examination of 177 cases of suspected hematological disorders was carried out in a private hospital at Faridpur from May 2007 to August 2009. Among the malignant hematological disorders, Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) was the most common disorders (27.69%) followed by Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (9.04%), MDS (7.91%), CML (7.34%) and Multiple Myeloma (1.69%). Among the non-malignant hematological disorders, Combined (both iron and folic acid and /or Vitamin B12) deficiency anemia was the most common disorders (24.87%) followed by Aplastic anemia (10.74%), ITP (6.21%), and Kala-azar (2.82%).